How brain training left the lab.

Reading the brain used to mean a lab visit, a tangle of wires, and a researcher in a white coat. Now it sits on your head while you sleep. This is the short version of how neurofeedback got here.

5 moments that built modern neurofeedback

• 1924
  The first human brainwave.
  Hans Berger recorded it while trying to prove telepathy was real. He didn't, but he discovered alpha waves and gave the world EEG.

• 1953
  Sleep stages get a map.
  Aserinsky and Kleitman used EEG to identify REM sleep. Every modern sleep study still runs on the framework they built.

• 1960s
  People learn to steer their own brainwaves.
  Joe Kamiya showed that subjects could increase their alpha activity on cue. Neurofeedback as a practice was born.

• 1977
  Light enters the picture.
  Frans Jöbsis introduced near-infrared spectroscopy, the science behind fNIRS. It uses light to measure oxygen changes in the brain. Where EEG hears the brain's electrical signal, fNIRS sees its blood flow.

• Now
  Both sensors in one headband.
  Muse S Athena is the first and only wearable that uses EEG and fNIRS together, so you can track sleep stages, focus, and brain recovery without leaving your home.

(and what he was actually looking for)

EEG shows what your brain is doing. fNIRS shows how hard it's working. Muse uses both.

How EEG cracked the code on sleep stages  

(and what he was actually looking for)

Doing THIS Everyday REVERSES Brain Aging Significantly

A century of neurofeedback, on your head

Reading your brain: then vs. now.