|
Gas and coal power plants consumed more water than data centers across Texas in 2024, per a recent Sierra Club analysis of federal data.
Why it matters: Data center water use is in the spotlight in drought-stricken Texas. Environmental advocates say transitioning to renewable energy sources wouldn't just reduce carbon emissions, it would save the state billions of gallons of water.
What they did: The Sierra Club, an environmental advocacy organization, analyzed a decade's worth of data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) to compile its report, released last month.
By the numbers: It found that in 2024, gas plants consumed 56 billion gallons of water, coal plants consumed 34 billion gallons and nuclear plants consumed 26 billion gallons across Texas.
- Data centers used 8 billion gallons of water in 2024 in direct operations.
Reality check: Data center water use is rising, and the energy generation that powers data centers could indirectly consume a lot more water.
- A recent University of Texas report found Texas data centers used 25 billion gallons of water in 2025 in direct operations and indirect energy generation, or about 0.4% of the state's total water use.
- Data centers could make up 3–9% of Texas' total water use by 2040, per the report.
Caveat: Renewable energy sources like wind and solar use a "negligible" amount of water, per Noah Ver Beek, lead analyst for the project. The EIA doesn't track it.
What they're saying: "Affordable, clean, low-water options exist," Ver Beek said in a statement.
The other side: "Coal plants provide reliable electricity that supports homes, hospitals, manufacturing, and Texas' growing economy while operating under extensive environmental and water management requirements," Krissy Lilljedahl, administrative director for the Texas Mining and Reclamation Association, tells Axios in a statement.
Zoom in: The Fayette Power Plant, owned by the city of Austin and Lower Colorado River Authority, consumed 4.8 billion gallons in 2024 — the second-highest rate of any Texas coal plant that year, per a Sierra Club dashboard.
Read more
|