1. Omega-3 source
Sure, you know that your fish oil supplement is made from fish—but what kind of fish, and from where?
You might not think it matters much, but some types of fish are actually richer in omega-3s than others—and a supplement sourced from a single type of omega-3-rich fish has some perks.
"Sourcing a fish oil product from a bunch of different types of fish from fisheries all over the world is not ideal," explains Ferira. "Not only is the carbon footprint way higher, but it's much harder to control the quality, purity, and oxidation of multiple fish oils combined into one mix." (More on those factors in a bit.)
On the flip side, a streamlined single-species fish oil product can control these factors with more ease and intentionality. Ferira's preference: anchovies, which are some of the most omega-3-rich fish in the world. She's partial to the wild-caught, cold-water variety.
Look for a fish oil supplement that lists a single type of fish as its source if you want to avoid a hodgepodge of different fish (potentially from all over the globe) from being smushed into a single product.
mbg's omega-3 potency+ goes even beyond this by fingerprint-verifying (via magnetic resonance technology) the fish species and its origin through a third-party testing and certification process called ORIVO.
"We literally ship our omega-3 potency+ softgels to Norway, so the state-of-the-art technology of ORIVO can independently verify our fish species and origin," Ferira explains. Very few other fish oil products take this extra step, especially in the U.S., notes Ferira.
2. Omega-3 form
Beyond the actual source of the omega-3s in a fish oil supplement, you also want to get a sense of the form of those healthy fats.
"For fish oil, the triglyceride form is where it's at," Ferira says. "It's at the top, and the other forms on the market are slightly or significantly inferior." The other forms out there: ethyl ester, phospholipid, or free fatty acid form.
"The triglyceride form is how marine omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA are found in the fat of the fish—and how we consume and absorb fat in our diet," explains Ferira.* "In other words, it's the form found in nature and native to the fish." This means that the triglyceride form is also the most bioavailable, aka the easiest for your digestive tract to absorb and your cells to then use.*
Many of the products out there offer omega-3s in ethyl ester form, which isn't necessarily a problem but does mean that you'll need to pop your softgels alongside a meal that contains some fat to promote optimal absorption, Ferira explains.*
Free fatty acid-form omega-3s, finally, don't raise EPA and DHA levels in the body as effectively as triglyceride3, she notes per the science.*