AlphaFold3 is now open source

Hello Nature readers,
Today we enjoy a spectacular cellular ‘hologram’ of a mouse embryo, hear that the code for AlphaFold3 is finally out in the open and learn why Donald Trump’s shadow looms large over the COP29 climate conference.

8-million-cell ‘hologram’ of a mouse embryo

Researchers have created the most detailed 3D cellular map yet of a mouse embryo, visualizing close to eight million cells. The map shows how cells interact and migrate in an embryo less than two weeks after conception, revealing the structures of every major organ developing in the embryo, from the brain to the heart and the spinal cord. Such maps could be created for any species, including human embryos, and could help researchers to identify causes of congenital diseases.

AlphaFold3 is now open source

The code underlying the Nobel-prize-winning tool for modelling protein structures is open at last. Scientists can now download the software code for AlphaFold3 and use the artificial intelligence tool for non-commercial applications. The initial publication, six months ago, of AlphaFold3 without its code drew criticisms from scientists, who said the move undermined reproducibility. AlphaFold3 is capable of modelling proteins in concert with other molecules.

To biomarker test, or not to biomarker test?

Efforts to adopt blood tests and brain scans to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease has fuelled controversy among scientists. Advocates of the tests say that biomarkers can indicate Alzheimer’s at an early stage, when any treatments that are developed to reverse the disease are more likely to be effective. Critics worry that these tests might cause unnecessary anxiety. “There’s a risk of misunderstanding and distress that individuals who are asymptomatic will have if we tell them they have Alzheimer’s, whereas nothing will happen in their lifetime in a majority of cases,” says neurologist Nicolas Villain.

In pursuit of bionic limbs that work

Designing bionic prosthetics that fully restore the function of lost limbs hinges on accurately replicating somatosensation — the collection of senses that interpret touch, temperature, pain and body position. Neuroengineer Giacomo Valle has been tweaking electrical impulses that cause feelings of texture and pressure, and others have created warm and cool sensations in “phantom” hands. Engineer Hugh Herr, however, argues that the sense of embodiment — users feeling like the prosthetic is a part of their body, not just an artificial attachment — is most important.

Why our message to ET had no women

The heavily pixellated male figure that featured in a 1974 broadcast to the stars from the Arecibo Observatory might seem a sexist choice, but historian Rebecca Charbonneau argues that it deserves a more subtle interpretation. “The messages that humanity sends to extraterrestrial intelligences are not just scientific artefacts, but also works of art that reveal much about the people who created them,” she writes. “They serve as a cosmic mirror, reflecting both our aspirations for universality and the limitations of our perspective.”