Humans and great apes giggle in the same rhythms

Hello Nature readers,
Today we learn that humans and great apes laugh in similar patterns, discover a gene ‘megacluster’ that enables bacteria to make an antibiotic cocktail and consider the remaining lifespan of the International Space Station.

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Humans and apes share a laugh

Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) and children laugh in similar rhythms when tickled. Researchers found that kids and apes left evenly spaced intervals between laughing sounds during a tickle attack, though children had a faster laughter rhythm compared with apes. Laughter might have picked up pace during the course of human evolution, the team suggests, which could reveal “something about laughter itself, but also, in a way, about the evolution of human speech”, says primatologist and study co-author Chiara De Gregorio.

Gene ‘megacluster’ boosts antibiotic arsenal

A newly discovered gene ‘megacluster’ in Streptomyces bacteria enables them to produce a variety of potent antibiotic compounds. These compounds act as a multi-pronged offensive weapon against other species, with each targeting different stages of the bacterial metabolic process. It’s more difficult for bacteria to develop resistance to attacks that hit several targets, so the discovery could lead to the development of new antibiotics, experts say. The research has “discovered something new in a system so extensively studied — hidden in plain sight,” says medicinal chemist Mark Blaskovich.

Sea turtles are only ok navigators

Green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) use Earth’s geomagnetic field as a map, but are only able to follow it approximately. Researchers tracked eight turtles as they made a journey of more than 1000 kilometres. They found that the animals tended to plough ahead in one direction for extended periods, then stop to reorient when they’d strayed from their course. The turtles have only “an approximate idea of where they are and where they’re going”, says marine ecologist and study co-author Graeme Hays. So they take “circuitous routes that eventually get them where they want to be”.

Skin healing without scars

Scientists are exploring the potential of printable inks that could prevent scarring after burn trauma. These gels are laced with cultures of skin cells to coax the body into rebuilding healthy skin after burns, rather than launching the frenzied emergency-repair pathway that leads to scar tissue. In initial clinical trials, the inks will have to be administered by doctors with a syringe. But researchers are also developing robotic arms that could one day precisely map a person’s injury and print the gel directly onto it.

How to catch a neutrino

Neutrinos, a type of fundamental subatomic particle, are elusive. They carry no charge, have almost no mass and generally pass through objects and living things with no discernible effect — all factors that make them difficult to detect. Collecting data on these mysterious particles requires some of the most ambitious experimental set-ups in the business, which are detecting neutrinos in Antarctic ice, the caves of an active Canadian mine and at the bottom of the Mediterranean sea.

The ISS is on its last legs — what’s next?

Earlier this month, astronauts on board the International Space Station (ISS) had to shelter in a docked capsule because of an air leak in the Russian part of the station. All was well in the end, but it was “a dose of engineering reality”, writes Christopher Newman, an expert in space law and policy. “NASA and Russia’s space agency Roscosmos dispute the seriousness of the problem,” he writes. “Not only is the structure under strain, but also the fabric of the agreement that keeps the ISS running.” Private space stations were always envisaged as the next step, but they’re ill-prepared to take over, Newman argues.