New organelle discovered inside animal cell

Hello Nature readers,
Today we rewrite the textbooks with a new kind of organelle, explore a second promising trial of an Alzheimer’s drug and consider the future of the controversial COVID genome database GISAID.

New organelle discovered inside animal cell

Biology textbooks look set for an update: researchers have just discovered a new kind of organelle, a tiny organ-like structure inside cells. Researchers made the discovery while investigating the role of phosphate in cell renewal in the guts of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster). The new organelle acts as a reservoir for phosphate, a nutrient that is essential for life. The discovery highlights how much there is to learn about cell physiology, says geneticist and study co-author Chiwei (Charles) Xu. “The beauty is there, it's just waiting for us to discover it.”

Promising Alzheimer’s drug donanemab

For the second time, an experimental drug has been shown to reduce the cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease. On Wednesday, pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly announced in a press release that its monoclonal antibody donanemab slowed mental decline by 35% for some participants in a 1,736-person trial — a rate comparable to competitor drug lecanemab. Researchers warn that, until the full results are published, questions remain as to the drug’s clinical usefulness, as well as whether the modest benefit outweighs the risk of harmful side effects.

Wuhan market samples shed no more light

Hopes have been dashed that genomic data from swabs collected in the early days of the pandemic will reveal the origins of COVID-19. Data from the swabs, collected by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, have been analysed by three teams, but each has failed to pinpoint which animal species — if any — infected people at the market. “I would basically describe this as a negative result,” says Jesse Bloom, the virologist who conducted the latest analysis.

GISAID: controversy over genome database

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the online platform GISAID emerged as the main repository for viral genome data. It now hosts more than 15 million SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences, more than any other existing database, as well as around 2 million influenza sequences. But several scientists have raised concerns about the platform’s lack of transparency, how it mediates disputes over credit and how it sanctions scientists who have allegedly violated its terms and conditions. Nature spoke with scientists in eight countries about what they see as the future of pathogen-genome sharing, and of GISAID.

Futures: science fiction from Nature

In the latest short story for Nature’s Futures series:

• The joys and frustrations of raising a child arise while teaching a robot companion in ‘Dad and Ick’.
• In the far future, one aspect of our current work life has survived in ‘Rynnden has invited you to a scheduled meeting’

Podcast: menopause and women’s health

This week, features editor Kerri Smith and senior reporter Heidi Ledford join the Nature Podcast to discuss two stories that look at aspects of women’s health. The first drug that treats hot flushes without hormones represents a shift in thinking: menopause is driven by the brain, not just the ovaries. And many diseases that affect more women than men are underfunded; boosting investment in research into those conditions could reap big rewards.