People older than 110 have more cancer-killing T cells

Hello Nature readers,
Today we learn that people who live unusually long lives might have a way of fighting off cancer, learn from brain organoids that grew for more than five years and explore mass genome-screening programmes for newborns.

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Too much mate choice overwhelms frogs

Female Cope’s gray treefrogs (Dryophytes chrysoscelis) struggle to pick the best mates when presented with too much choice. Typically, female treefrogs choose male suitors with the longest calls. When researchers played these longer ‘target’ calls alongside several shorter ‘distractor’ calls, the female frogs faced ‘choice overload’: they took longer to decide on a mate and picked the target call with less accuracy.

Cancer-killing cells in those who live to 110

People who live to 110 years and older have large populations of a rare type of immune cell that can kill cancer. These killer T cells might help people to live to extraordinarily long ages by fighting off cancer — although this has yet to be proved. “Most of immune ageing research has focused on decline,” says biologist Kosuke Hashimoto, who co-authored the research. “Our study suggests that even at extreme old age, the immune system may still selectively adapt.”

AI vibe coding in the quantum realm

Researchers at Pasqal, a quantum-computing start-up company in Paris, have developed an artificial-intelligence tool that can turn an English-language prompt into quantum-computing code and then autonomously run it on a quantum computer, although it sometimes needs human intervention. Its makers say it can open doors to a field in which programming has notoriously required sophisticated skills.

5-year-old organoids mimic growing brain

Researchers have made the longest-lived organs made in a laboratory, so far: brain organoids that mirror the development of the human brain, and grew for more than five years. “They didn’t just survive for five years, they continued to change, develop and mature over time,” says developmental neurobiologist Paola Arlotta. The cells showed gene-expression changes similar to those that take place in the brains of fetuses and newborns, occurring around the same pace. And cells from ‘old’ organoids that were mixed with a fresh batch seemed to retain a ‘memory’ of their age and function, making neurons suitable for an older brain rather than their new situation.

Should babies have their genomes screened?

Dozens of initiatives are assessing the feasibility of widespread screening for newborns to identify genetic variants associated with diseases. “If I had just kept scrolling on Facebook and not joined, then we’d probably still be, potentially even now, working out: ‘What’s wrong with her?’” says Justin Ghattas, whose daughter was diagnosed with — and successfully treated for — a rare condition as part of a trial programme in Australia. But the process is currently costly and difficult to scale up, and some people have ethical concerns about privacy and the potential for discrimination by insurance companies.

Geopolitics stands between jaguars

Since 2020, a small number of female jaguars (Panthera onca) have been spotted in northern Mexico. These females are nearing the domain of the male Cinco, the only known jaguar in the United States. A meeting could kickstart the return of the US jaguar population, but the border wall and fencing constructed by the US government stand in the way. And the planned extension of the barrier will block several more ‘corridors’ that wild animals use to move between countries. “This will have serious impacts on wildlife. It’s quite devastating,” says biologist Kinley Ragan.

Don’t be afraid of the informal chat

The prospect of an informal meeting with a potential manager or colleague might feel awkward, but it can be an invaluable opportunity to give them a full picture of your personality and working style that interviews can’t capture, writes career coach Alaina Levine. Be up-front about what you want from the chat, but remember to consider what advice or contacts you might be able to offer them in return. “When you network with honour and authenticity, everyone wins,” Levine writes.