JWST gets great view of Earth-sized exoplanet

Hello Nature readers,
Today we learn more about the exciting exoplanet TRAPPIST-1b, delve deep into treatments for chronic pain and learn how to foster research integrity in an unequal world.

JWST gets great view of exciting exoplanet

The exoplanet TRAPPIST-1b — one of seven roughly Earth-sized planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system — probably doesn’t have an atmosphere. It’s not surprising: TRAPPIST-1b is the closest to its star and is blasted by four times as much radiation as Earth receives from the Sun. But the work shows the transformational power of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to observe the system, which offers a unique laboratory for studying planetary environments and how they might become suitable for life.

How scientists cut their carbon footprints

As the effects of climate change grow, scientists from fields spanning astronomy to biology are trying to decarbonize their research. They say that the time for carbon-footprint assessments is over — we must take action, and that needs institutional support. “The situation is not that different from the one you can experience as a citizen,” says Pierrick Martin, an astrophysicist at an institute that is trying to reduce the heavy toll of its observatory. “There are things you can do yourself, at your level, in your local environment, that are worth something. But this has limits, and you can’t escape from political decisions at some point.”

Glass beads on Moon’s surface store water

There could be close to 300 billion tonnes of water stored in glass beads scattered across the Moon’s surface. Researchers found the beads in lunar soil samples collected by China’s Chang’e-5 spacecraft. The beads are created during meteoroid impacts, which throw up showers of molten droplets that solidify into tiny spheres. They contain water, which might have formed when the solar wind reacted with oxygen on their surfaces. The water could be extracted and used by astronauts on future lunar missions, says planetary scientist Mahesh Anand. “With this finding, the potential for exploring the moon in a sustainable manner is higher than it’s ever been.”

Chronic pain: the long road to discovery

Countless people — around 20 million in the United States alone, by one estimate — experience debilitating, regular pain. Research into how to help them has been slow, but the science is building and viable treatments are available. Nature editor Lucy Odling-Smee, who has experienced chronic pain herself, delves into the treatments that have shown promise and why they are not always getting to those who need them.

How fairness can foster research integrity

Last May, a group including bioethicists, researchers, institutional leaders and journal editors was formed at the 7th World Conference on Research Integrity to look at the myriad ways in which research programmes and practices disadvantage those living in low- and middle-income countries. Seven members present the result: the Cape Town Statement. It includes 20 recommendations, drawn from discussions involving around 300 people from an estimated 50 countries, on the theme of ‘fostering research integrity in an unequal world’.

Pandemic still hits academic parents hard

For scientist parents, the pandemic raised the long-standing barriers of combining work and caregiving even higher. The crisis disrupted research and interrupted publishing, setting off a vicious downward spiral of productivity that hinders funding success and puts the brakes on careers. Nature talked to five mothers in academia about what institutions have done to make adjustments for pandemic disruptions and what other support parents, and especially mothers, need.